Economic justice means ensuring that everyone, regardless of background or circumstance, has access to the resources and opportunities needed to thrive. In Massachusetts, where wealth and opportunity are abundant yet unevenly distributed, achieving economic justice requires addressing the policies and systems that perpetuate inequality. This primer explores the core principles of economic justice, the structural barriers that sustain poverty, and the practical steps policymakers can take to build a fairer, more equitable Commonwealth. By grounding solutions in data and evidence, we can begin to bridge the divides and unlock the potential of every community.